The Crime of Air Pollution in International Law: Concept and Protection Mechanisms

Abstract

This study examines the offense of atmospheric environmental pollution by clarifying its conceptual scope and distinct characteristics, as well as analyzing the international legal framework governing its protection. Furthermore, it highlights the pivotal role of international conferences and multilateral conventions, alongside the contributions of specialized regional and international organizations, in strengthening the protective regime of the atmospheric environment. Adopting a descriptive-analytical methodology, the study concludes that while international law has significantly advanced a legal framework to combat air pollution, achieving effective protection remains fundamentally contingent upon enhancing international cooperation and ensuring the concrete enforcement of state obligations.